Filigree Or Etruscan Or Both ?

Long before Czechoslovakian or Bohemian vintage costume jewellery was popular or understood, it was recognized by its brass ‘filigree’ metalwork.

As time has passed, we now know that this brass filigree so admired is actually not filigree at all.  It is pressed or more correctly, stamped on a giant press out of very thin sheets of brass.

Filigree (sometimes called filigram or even filigrane) is actually a very light and delicate type of jewellery made by twisting very fine wires together. 

When curled as well as twisted, often with a grain or tiny ball of metal on top of the coil, it can be termed ‘etruscan’ in design, as in the top of this  silver Victorian double hatpin shown below.

Traditionally in what is termed ‘fine’ jewellery, the wires would be made from gold or silver.  The form is often very fine and almost looks like a very intricate panel of delicate antique lace.

The artisans of India as well as the Far East have created some exquisite examples of filigree jewellery.  The creation of filigree is extremely labour intensive.

Costume jewellery has always sought to emulate fine jewellery and so we see examples of filigree in vintage costume jewellery also. 

Another type of twisted wire used to make costume jewellery was made in the Bohemian area of Silesia.  Very little is known about Silesian Wirework yet by searching for this term, you will find many fine examples of this metal mesh made into fabulous costume jewellery. 

The art of twisting wires together to make jewellery is long established in past centuries.  It is an art which is probably still carried on today.

Timeline – Austro-Hungarian, Bohemian, Czechoslovakian or Czech ?

Prior to the formation of Czechoslovakia following the end of the second world war, the majority of lands in that region fell under the rule of the Austro-Hungarian Empire (1867-1918).

Within the Austro-Hungarian Empire were Bohemia, Silesia, Moravia, Slovakia, Carpathia and Ruthenia.

Slovakia, before 1918, was part of the Kingdom of Hungary, along with Carpathia and Ruthenia.

What is termed the ‘First Republic of Czechoslovakia’ was formed at the end of World War I in 1918.  In this form, Czechoslovakia continued until 1938.

Nazi Germany took over or annexed Sudetenland  in 1938. (Sudetenland is the German name for the western parts of Czechoslovakia specifically the border areas of Bohemia, Moravia and those parts of Silesia formerly associated with Bohemia).

The Germans held Sudetenland until their defeat in 1945. 

There was also a Protectorate of Bohemia & Moravia (1939-1945) as well as a Slovak Republic which ran concurrently to the Protectorate.

At the end of World War II in 1945, began the Third Republic of Czechoslavakia (CSR).   This lasted only until 1948 when the country was declared a ‘people’s democracy’ (without a name change).   

In 1960 the country was changed to ‘The Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (CSSR).  This lasted until 1989.   

1990-1992 saw the country being termed ‘Czech & Slovak Federal Republic (CSFR).

After dissolution in 1993 what remained was the Czech Republic and Slovakia.